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yes |
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no |
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ACTIVATION FACTOR A |
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There are so many possible
ignition sources that the only way to define the activation factor is to go
through a review of possible fire sources, classified in the categories: main
activities, heating systems, electrical installations, secondary activities
and areas classified for explosion hazards. |
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MAIN ACTIVITIES |
A - REF |
A - V1 |
A - V2 |
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A1. Non industrial occupancies: offices,
residential, assembly, educational |
0 |
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A2. Industry of non-combustible products ( EN Sprinkler class OH1) |
0 |
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B. Most industries, large stores, retail shops ( EN Sprinkler classes OH2
and OH3) |
0,2 |
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C. Industry of combustible products such as paper, wood, petrochemicals
(OH4 / HH1-HH4 ) |
0,4 |
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D. Warehouses and similar storage
(Sprinkler class S) |
0 |
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Process and room heating systems - 1 |
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E1. No heating available: no
risk |
0 |
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E2. Heat transfer through water, steam, or solids |
0 |
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E3. Heat transfer through pulsed air or through oil. |
0,05 |
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Process and room heating systems - 2 |
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F0. Not applicable |
0 |
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F1. Heat generator in a fireproof separated room |
0 |
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F2. Heat generator in the compartment under consideration. |
0,1 |
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Process and room heating systems - 3 |
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G0. Not applicable |
0 |
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G1. Energy source: electricity, coal, fuel oil. |
0 |
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G2. Energy source: gas |
0,1 |
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G3. Energy source: wood or waste materials |
0,15 |
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Electrical Installations. |
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I1. In compliance with the rules
and regularly checked |
0 |
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I2. In compliance with the rules without regular checks |
0,1 |
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I3. Not according the rules |
0,2 |
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Explosion risks- 1 |
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Z. Not applicable |
0 |
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Z0. Permanent explosion risk ATEX zone 0 |
0,3 |
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Z1. Explosion risk under normal conditions ATEX zone 1, NEC: Class I
Div.1 |
0,2 |
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Z2. Occasional explosion risk ATEX Zone 2
NEC: CLASS I DIV.2 area |
0,1 |
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Explosion risks. - 2 |
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K0. Not applicable |
0 |
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K1. Dust explosion hazard ATEX zones 20/21/22 NEC : Class II area |
0,2 |
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K2. Production of combustible dusts without extraction |
0,1 |
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Painting, spraying or coating with flammable products; use of
solvents and flammable glues, etc. |
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NONE |
0 |
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N1. In a separated, well ventilated room |
0,05 |
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N2. In a separated space without additional ventilation |
0,1 |
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N3. Without separation |
0,2 |
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Evacuation time factor
t |
A - REF |
A - V1 |
A - V2 |
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The evacuation time factor is calculated with the number of persons
present in the compartment, their mobility, the dimensions of the building
and the characteristics of the exit ways. |
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The total length of the
evacuation path is calculated with the values of b, l, H+ or H-, which were
already given. |
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INFO about X |
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Define X, the number of persons that can be present in the
compartment.[1] |
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If this number is unknown, use
the next table with occupant load factors based on NFPA 101. Be careful:
local code requirements may use different occupant load factors.[2] |
persons/m˛ |
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User defined total number of persons in the compartment |
m |
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01. Waiting spaces |
3 |
3 |
3 |
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02. Places of assembly, concentrated use (halls, churches, dancing) |
1,5 |
1,5 |
1,5 |
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03. Places of assembly, normal use (conference rooms, restaurants, cafés) |
0,6 |
0,6 |
0,6 |
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04. Classrooms in schools, no fixed seating |
0,5 |
0,5 |
0,5 |
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05. Day nurseries |
0,3 |
0,3 |
0,3 |
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06. Schools: laboratories, shops and vocational rooms |
0,2 |
0,2 |
0,2 |
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07. Medical institutions |
0,1 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
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08. Jails, detention houses |
0,1 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
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09. Residential buildings (houses, hotels, guest houses) |
0,05 |
0,05 |
0,05 |
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10. Sales area on street access
floor, below street access
floor |
0,3 |
0,3 |
0,3 |
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11. Sales area on floors above access floor |
0,2 |
0,2 |
0,2 |
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12. Offices |
0,1 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
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13. Factories |
0,03 |
0,03 |
0,03 |
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14. Storage and warehouses |
0,003 |
0,003 |
0,003 |
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15. LOCAL CODE DEFINED OCCUPANT LOAD FACTOR |
0,1 |
0,05 |
0,03 |
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INFO about x |
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Define x, by counting all the
exit units of the compartment according to legal and practical rules. |
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x is the number of exit units.
The minimal width for an exit is 0.6 m (or 2 ft) unless law or practical
conditions specify it otherwise. E.g. in a hospital, it is clear that the
minimal width is that of the beds which are used in the hospital. |
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Consider some 20 cm (8 in) of
lost width, i.e. a 80 cm (32 in) wide door has an effective width of 60 cm
(24 in). A 2 m wide (80 in) corridor has an effective width of 1.80 m (72
in). |
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To define the value of x, look
for each exit at the narrowest passage on the path, measure the width in cm
or inches, deduct 20 cm or 8 in and divide the result by 60 cm or 24 in. |
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This will give the number of
exit units per exit path. The sum of all the quotients gives the total number
of exit units of the compartment. |
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In the example, the width of
door A is relevant for exit path A, but for B it is the width C of the
corridor. |
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Remark: large gates, sliding
doors( except where specifically designed for emergency exit) and roller
shutters shall not be considered as exit units! |
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INFO about p |
A - REF |
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A - V1 |
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A - V2 |
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Persons that can move
independently and are accustomed to the building features will be able to
evacuate rapidly. People who need help or have to find their way to the exits
will need more time. |
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Possibility
D permits the calculation of a p factor for a mixed group |
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A. Mobile and independent persons (
adults, workers) |
1 |
10,0% |
1 |
10,0% |
1 |
60,0% |
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B. Mobile persons needing guidance ( pupils, visitors) |
2 |
20,0% |
2 |
50,0% |
2 |
20,0% |
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C. Persons with limited mobility (patients, elderly, inmates) |
8 |
70,0% |
8 |
40,0% |
8 |
20,0% |
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D. Calculated value for mixed group
(modify at info A) |
6,1 |
100,0% |
4,3 |
100,0% |
2,6 |
100,0% |
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INFO about K -
Available and distinct exit paths |
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The
number of AVAILABLE and DISTINCT exit paths is calculated in the following
way: |
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First,
enter the number of exits that end in the open air, basically external doors
and exterior stairways , but no ladders. |
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The second step is to define the
maximum capacity of all the exits together. This is done (automatically) by
multiplying the number of exit units by 120.[3] |
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The
third step is to divide this capacity by the number of occupants that are
present. This quotient is the theoretical number of "distinct" exit paths. The real
number of distinct exit paths shall be not more than 4 (implying a 90° angle
between them). [4] |
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The number of the AVAILABLE and
DISTINCT exit paths "K" is then the smallest value found in steps 1
and 3 . |
value of K |
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Not allowed |
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less than 2 |
1 |
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less than 3 |
2 |
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less than 4 |
3 |
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more than 4 |
4 |
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relative value of the content c1 |
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Choose the value of c1 according to the possibility to replace
the contents: |
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a. the contents can be easily
replaced |
0 |
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b. the contents can difficulty be replaced[5] |
0,1 |
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c. the contents are unique.[6] |
0,2 |
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dependency factor d |
A - REF |
A - V1 |
A - V2 |
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The activity in the compartment
will be hampered or interrupted by a fire. The added value is a good
reference for the sensitivity for business interruption. |
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The added value is the sum of
the costs of personnel, financial costs, investments, and the company
results. The turnover is the total yearly monetary value of all the revenues
coming from the economic activity of the unit, which is considered. |
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The dependency factor d is the
ratio of added value by turnover. The higher this ratio, the more sensitive
is the activity. As a guideline the values for d can be estimated as follows: |
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a. High technology industry (e.g.
aircraft) : 0.7 to 0.9 |
0,8 |
0,8 |
0,8 |
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b. Precision industry (e.g. electronics) : 0.45 to 0.7 |
0,6 |
0,6 |
0,6 |
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c. Manufacturing industry : 0.25
to 0.45 |
0,35 |
0,35 |
0,35 |
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d. Commercial companies, warehouses: 0.05 to 0.15 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
0,1 |
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e. Administrative services: 0.8 |
0,8 |
0,8 |
0,8 |
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f. Average for most
businesses |
0,3 |
0,3 |
0,3 |
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g. USER DEFINED INPUT (at info A) |
0,21 |
0,42 |
0,63 |
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Building cost indexes |
2000 |
2008 |
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| BE |
Belgium : ABEX |
503 |
654 |
1.301 |
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| NL |
Netherlands : CBS |
94 |
122 |
1.297 |
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| FR |
France : INSEE |
1083 |
1385 |
1.278 |
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| UK |
United Kingdom : BCIS |
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